Common mormon in Homelabs

Common mormon ,Host plants are belongs to the Family “Rutaceae”.

Mimicry in Papilio polytes: Papilio polytes , otherwise known as the Common Mormon butterfly, ranges widely from Sri Lanka and India to Indo-China, S. Japan, the Philippines and Sunda Islands in SE Asia. Its caterpillars feed on a variety of Rutaceae plants (Citrus and allied genera, including lemon and orange plants) and the butterfly is palatable to its predators such as birds.

http://biodiversitylab.ncbs.res.in/papilio-polytes

1)Butterfly that emerges from my Homelab .

These pupa turned into a Female common mormon.

2)Got one more caterpillar from Curryleaf plant that turned to Common mormon male.

3)Once my hostel warden gave me a pupal stage of Common mormon ,Thiruvanathapuram ,Kerala

4)I observed 7 caterpillars from Curryleaf plant ,Homelab Cherukkad .I collected those caterpillar and add them on a plastic box .

when I went for CUBE NATIONAL MEET 2023 my parents were fed them with Curryleaf plants ,but when I returned only 6 of them were observed in my box .

0n 26/07/2023 ~8pm out of 6 common mormon 2 emerges to butterfly . .
Pupae emerges to Butterflies
Place :Cherukkad ,Kozhikode
Date:26/07/2/23
Time :~8pm
Theertha

Story of Six Common mormon Butterfly in Homelab

3rd Common mormon Butterfly emerges .
Place:Cherukkad,Kozhikode
Date:28/07/2023
Time:3.30pm
Theertha

Story of Six Common mormon Butterfly in Homelab

4th Common mormon female Butterfly emerges .
Place:Cherukkad,Kozhikode
Date:2/08/2023
Time:9.30am
Theertha

Story of Six Common mormon Butterfly in Homelab

5th Common mormon male Butterfly emerges .
Place:Cherukkad,Kozhikode
Date:4/08/2023
Time:11.30am
Theertha

Story of Six Common mormon Butterfly in Homelab

6th Common mormon male Butterfly emerges .
Place:Cherukkad,Kozhikode
Date:8/08/2023
Time:10am
Theertha

4)Observed one caterpillar in a Curryleaf plant from my Aunty’s house .

On 2/08/2023

On 10/08/2023

[10/08, 4:00 pm] Abhijeet CUBE: @⁨~Vidip⁩ and @⁨~Manasi B⁩ looking for caterpillars and eggs in botanical garden of Somaiya College. Did you found any ? @⁨~Vidip⁩ @⁨~Manasi B⁩ ? CUBE Somaiya College, Vidyavihar, Mumbai. 10th August 2023.

[10/08, 5:02 pm] +91 91529 10532: We were looking caterpillars and eggs on curry plant
And on curry plant we couldn’t found eggs and caterpillars.

[11/08, 8:42 am] Charvi DSC: Theerthaaaaaaaa

[11/08, 8:42 am] Charvi DSC: I searched 10 curry plantssssss.

[11/08, 8:43 am] Charvi DSC: And 7 lemonsss
[11/08, 8:43 am] Charvi DSC: Couldn’t find a single Caterpillar or any egg

After seeing all these enthusiastic effort by Cubists made me to search caterpillars in my Curryleaf plants.


Got one caterpillar from Curryleaf plant 1.

After seeing this photo from @⁨Abhijeet CUBE⁩ @⁨~Vidip⁩ ,i searched for caterpillars in Curryleaf plant .
Objective :To collects eggs and caterpillars from Curryleaf plant &observe which form of Common mormon it become .
Place :Cherukkad,Kozhikode
Date:10/08/2923
Time :4.15pm
Theertha
2 more caterpillars got from Curryleaf plant 2.

Observed Common mormon laying eggs on my neighbour’s Curryleaf plant .
Place :Cherukkad,Kozhikode
Date:11/08/2923
Time :11.59am
Theertha

Collected that egg and kept in a plastic box .
Place :Cherukkad,Kozhikode
Date:11/08/2923
Time :12.10pm
Theertha

Size of the egg ~1mm.

Today caterpillar emerges from Egg


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As of yet did any CUBists found common rose in their home labs?

The reference says Common mormon mimics Common rose.

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Yes.I found Common rose in my Garden .

Common rose.
Year of photo :2021
Photo: Theertha.


Common rose
Photo from i found butterflies

Reference for Common mormon mimicking Common rose.

The females of the Common Mormon ( Papilio polytes ) appear in four forms — one that looks like the male of the species, and three ‘disguises’ which mimic the toxic Rose butterflies ( Pachliopta sp.) — from the colour and wing pattern to the tail like projections on the hind wing. For a long time, scientists have thought that female mimicry is coded for by a ‘supergene’ — a set of genes that control different aspects of mimicry, inherited together in a single block between generations.

https://www.nature.com/articles/nindia.2014.29

In my observations, I encountered three female
Common mormons named Cyrus, Polytes, and Romulus.

Photo: Theertha.
Homelab, cherukkad Kozhikode.

\https://www.nature.com/articles/nindia.2014.29

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This is the butterfly that came out at Living Academy in Pune. Please identify.

The caterpillar was:

This was the pupa from which the fly came out.

2 Likes

I think it is Common mormon Female.
It is mimicking Common Rose Butterfly.

We can compare from the reference of NCBS:
https://news.ncbs.res.in/archivednews/story/butterfly-man
IMG_20240529_142542_057

What is your Opinion @Theertha ?

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This butterfly is a female Common Mormon, which mimics the Common Rose. Yes @Abhi0703 ,I agree.

Reference:

https://news.ncbs.res.in/archivednews/story/butterfly-man

Reasoning:

1)The host plant of the butterfly is the Curry Leaf plant(From the photo shared).

Curry leaf host plant for :

A)Papilio demoleus (Lime Swallowtail),
B)Papilio polymnestor (Blue Mormon), and
C)Papilio polytes (Common Mormon).

https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/murraya-koenigii

2)The photo of the caterpillar resembles the 5th instar larvae of the Common mormon. pupae too resembles to the Common mormon.

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Lifecycle-of-Papilio-polytes-Linnaeus-a-egg-b-I-instar-larva-c-II-instar-larva-d_fig1_272987171.

Following Photos:Stichius form of Female Common from Homelab, cherukkad Kozhikode.

From Homelab to Nature🦋

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Non-mimicking Female (Cyrus) of Common mormon laying eggs on Curry leaf plant.

Place: Cherukkad, Kozhikode
Date:9/04/2024.
Video : Theertha .

5th Instar Caterpillar on Curry leaf plant .
Place: Cherukkad, Kozhikode
Date:10/08/2023
Video : Theertha .

Common mormon Caterpillar eating Curry leaves.
Place: Cherukkad, Kozhikode
Date:14/11/2023
Video : Theertha .

1 Like

Common mormon

1)Data collected by:Anusree ,S N college Alathur

Mimetic female and non-mimic male .

Date of collection:2/08/2024


Photo:Anusree
Date:25/07/2024

Mimic form of Common mormon laying eggs on Curry leaf plant
Date:23/07/2024

Mimic form of Common mormon female

Place : palakkad,Kerala

2)Mayuri, Sapekhati Assam

Mimic form of female of Common mormon.

Common mormon is laying eggs in curry leaf plant

Place: cherukkad, Kozhikode
Photo: Theertha

Common mormon
Date : 4 August 2024
Time : 11.51 Am
Location : peruvemba
Data collected by : Anusree & @⁨~Sneha⁩
SN College Alathur



papilio polytes
Host plant: Ixora
Date:28 july
Time : 11.58 am
Location: Peruvemba
Data collected by: Sneha& @⁨Anusreee SN college⁩
SN college Alathur

Papilio polytes
Date :03/08/2024
Time : 06:30 pm
Location : Mathur
Collector: Dhanasree K
SN Clg Alathur

Data collected by:Soha,Pune

1st photo:29:07:2024 (9:46pm)
Collected as a caterpillar from the curry leaf kept in the glass bowl and feed as with curry leaves.

2nd photo:2:08:2020 (6:10pm)
The caterpillar undergoes smaller size.

3rd photo also show the difference in their size.

4th photo shows that:7:08:2024 (7:40pm)
Caterpillar into pupae

Date:12:08:2024
Time:11:30am
Location:Kannimari
Name of data collector:Sniga.j (SN College Alathur)

Breaking news
_The caterpillar change into butterfly _
The Common Mormon (Papilio polytes)
I got the caterpillar on 29:07:2024.It changed the butterfly on 12:08:2024.
Host plant:curry leaf

Date:12:08:2024
Time:11:30am
Location:Kannimari
Name of data collector:Sniga.j (SN College Alathur)



[13/08, 7:18 pm] Anusreee SN college: Breaking news
The pupa changed into a butterfly🦋
We got the caterpillar on 31 july 2024 from the curry leaf plant and the caterpillar changed pre_pupatory larva on 4 August 2024
In 5 August, it changed in to pupa
In 13 August , morning ( 6 Am ) in my bowl i saw that pupa emerged into a beautiful butterfly🦋
[13/08, 7:19 pm] Anusreee SN college: Breaking news
_The caterpillar change into butterfly _
The Common Mormon (Papilio polytes) is a species of swallowtail butterfly commonly found in South and Southeast Asia. It is a black butterfly with white spots and red markings, particularly on the hindwings.
I got the caterpillar at 31:07:2024. It change the butterfly at 13:08:2024.
Host plant : Curry leaf
Date : 13/08/2024
Time : 7.10 Am
Location : Peruvemba
Data collected by : Anusree & @⁨~Sneha⁩